Discovering the Mackenzie Basin
Situated in South Canterbury on the South Island, the Mackenzie Basin (also the Mackenzie Country) is a high-country region, rising over 700 metres above sea level. Once known for its barren landscape, it has become a sought-after tourist destination. The basin serves as a gateway to Aoraki Mt Cook and is best known for the scenic town of Lake Tekapo and the Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve. The reduction of rabbit populations has allowed the golden tussock grasslands to thrive. The vast skies, dramatic weather, summer lupins, and winter hoar frosts enhance the region's charm.
Historical and Cultural Significance
Known as Te Manahuna, meaning "the place of enlightenment," the Mackenzie Basin holds historical importance for Māori. It was a crucial seasonal food resource for Ngāi Tahu and part of the track network linking the east coast to the pounamu resources on the west coast. Aoraki, the "cloud piercer," holds significant spiritual value. In 2024, a giant pou by Ngāi Tahu artist Ross Hemera was erected between Burkes Pass and Tekapo at Dog Kennel Corner (Tewera's Corner). This artwork serves as a mihimihi (welcome) to Kā Tiritiri o te Moana / Southern Alps, Aoraki, and Te Manahuna, with superb views from the car park.
Geographical Features
The Mackenzie Basin spans approximately 60 km at its widest point and is encircled by mountain ranges and post-glacial lakes. To the north, the main Divide of the Southern Alps and Aoraki Mount Cook are prominent. Glaciers from the Divide feed major lakes such as Tekapo, Pukaki, and Ōhau.
Historically, braided rivers from these lakes formed the Waitaki River at the basin's southern end. Today, river flows have been largely replaced by hydro canals connecting the lakes to power stations, with the man-made Lake Benmore now marking the head of the Waitaki River.
Exploring the Region
Fairlie, located on State Highway 8 in the Opihi River Valley, acts as the northern gateway to the Mackenzie Country. From Fairlie, a short drive north leads to Burkes Pass, situated between the Rollesby and Two Thumb Ranges, and into the basin. The highway continues across the north side to Tekapo, then past the man-made Lake Ruataniwha in the southwest. From there, it continues south to Omarama and Lindis Pass.
State Highway 80 runs along the west side of Lake Pukaki to Aoraki / Mount Cook National Park and the Main Divide. Numerous canal roads and metal backroads traverse the basin, providing access to the backcountry and lesser-known campsites.
Historical Sites and Activities
Mackenzie Pass is a site of historical interest. To visit, take Haldon Road off State Highway 8, about three km west of Burkes Pass. Here, you will find a memorial to James Mackenzie and his sheepdog, Friday. Mackenzie, a notorious sheep rustler, was captured in 1855 after stealing 1,000 sheep. He escaped multiple times, becoming a folk hero, and the pass, basin, and region bear his name. After his adventures in New Zealand, he is believed to have moved to Australia.
For cyclists, the A2O Cycle Trail runs through the basin from Tekapo to Omarama, then along Lake Benmore, offering a great way to explore the side roads and hydro canals.
How to get to the Mackenzie Basin
To reach the Mackenzie Basin from the northeast, head to Fairlie on State Highway 8 from Timaru or State Highway 79 from Geraldine, which serves as the northern entry point. Further south, follow the Waitaki Valley from Waimate or Ōamaru on the east coast to Omarama.
At the southern end, you can access the remote Ahurriri Valley, then continue your journey over the Lindis Pass towards Wānaka, Cromwell, and Queenstown.
